Gout, an extremely painful form of arthritis, occurs when a high concentration of uric acid is found in your body. The accumulation of uric acid can result in the following:
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Kidney stones, due to uric acid crystals accumulating in the kidneys
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Uric acid crystal sediments in joints, frequently in the big toe
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Collections of uric acid underneath the skin resembling lumps
Uric acid originates from purines breaking down. Purines are contained in your body’s tissues and are also found in many foods, including peas, dried beans, anchovies, and liver.
Causes of Gout
Uric acid normally dissolves in the blood, passing through the kidneys and out of your body through the urine. High uric acid levels in the blood lead to hyperuricemia. While many people with hyperuricemia do not develop gout, if uric acid crystals form in your body, gout can result.
However, uric acid can accumulate in your blood when:
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Your body increases the amount of uric acid it produces.
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Your kidneys cannot flush out enough uric acid.
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You eat an abundance of foods high in purines.
Other serious health risks are linked to gout, including diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease.
Symptoms and Warning Signs
The first symptom of gout for many people is swelling and unbearable pain in the big toe, usually following trauma, such as an injury or illness. Gout may also appear in different lower-body joints, such as the knee or ankle. Before becoming chronic, subsequent attacks may happen randomly in various joints, primarily those of the foot and knee. Symptoms and early warning signs include:
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Itching and peeling of the skin around the affected joint as gout improves
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Warmth, swelling, pain, and severe tenderness in a joint
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Purplish or red skin around the affected joint
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Limited mobility in the affected joint